Reform flute – KREISEL, Josef

Flutes

This reform flute was made by Josef KREISEL who was active making mainly flutes, clarinets and piccolos in the city of Cologne, Germany towards the end of the nineteenth century. He learnt his skills from E. JEHRING in Altenburg and spent some of his journeyman years with the Wünnenberg family of instrument makers. Between 1830-1900, the Wünnenbergs of Cologne concentrated on making flutes and clarinets to supply regional military music bands. They also delivered instruments abroad, including to the USA.

Josef Kreisel was also heavily involved in the supply of instruments to military music bands. He registered two patent-like German Reich Utility Models [D.R.G.M – Deutsche Reichs-Gebrauchsmuster] – one for the flute and the other for the clarinet. His son Hermann took over his business in later years.

This reform flute is in good condition. It is made of grenadilla wood and seems to have no cracks. The ebonite lip plate is in great condition too. The mechanism, keys and rings are all made of nickel silver. This instrument is special in that it has little metal pins to help the player assemble the instrument correctly 😊. It has a very unusual mechanism, which we haven’t seen up until now – Josef Kreisel’s DRGM # 22249. If the G key is closed, the ring-key for the index finger of the right hand is lifted. However, only if the top ring is closed. This mechanism is only guaranteed to work with a special ‘seesaw’ lever arrangement.

The flute plays at around a=440 Hz and has a shiny, bright sound. This is a nice and interesting reform flute crafted by a quite unknown instrument maker.

LIBRARY OVERVIEW

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E. Rittershausen, Berlin

One of the beautiful stories of mythology tells of the way the first musical instrument was suggested. As the story runs, as Orpheus was walking along the shores of the sea, his foot struck a reed that had been cast up by the waters, and had dried in the sun. The reed gave forth a soft, sweet sound as it was made to vibrate by the stroke of Orpheus’ foot and the result was the lyre or hand-harp of the ancient Egyptians. A similar story, and probably the same one adapted to the wind instruments, is that of Lucretius which says that “the simple flute had its origin from the breathing of western winds over certain reeds,” and thus was suggested the musical pipe, or simple tube, which has developed into one of the most fascinating of instruments.

The most elaborate and beautiful collection of flutes ever displayed in the United States, and probably in the world, was seen by visitors to the German section of the Columbian Exposition. The display was that of E. Rittershausen, of Berlin. It was arranged in a large, square glass case, and consisted of flutes made of various woods, of Ebonite and of sterling silver. The Rittershausen flutes are the standard of the world, and have received the indorsement of the best performers upon this favorite instrument. Until 1832 the flute was not regarded as a perfect instrument. In that year Theobald Boehm, of Munich, brought the instrument to such a degree of perfection as to make it one of the most prominent of orchestral and solo instruments. The Rittershausen flutes are made exactly upon the Boehm system, and with such wondrous skill and delicacy of workmanship as to have long since become the favorite of discriminating flutists. It is, in fact, the instrument universally referred to when the Boehm flute is desired.

Like the illustrious Boehm, Mr. Rittershausen is also a virtuoso as well as a manufacturer, devoting his entire faculties to the production of a perfect flute. By his own practical skill he is enabled to appreciate the many details and requirements in the construction of such an instrument as is demanded by the most fastidious virtuoso. This, it will readily be seen, is an invaluable consideration in the selection of a flute by a skilled performer. And in the rapid progress of musical culture of America, there are many lovers of the beautiful instrument who are its admirers and enthusiastic students at the present time.

Living in the musical city of Berlin, Mr. Rittershausen is thrown in personal contact with the greatest flutists of Europe, thereby receiving many suggestions from them that are of incalculable benefit in the manufacture of his instruments. The Rittershausen factory is located at 107 Bergmann street, Berlin, and its product has been famous from the establishing of the present business in 1870. Each year adds largely to the number of Rittenhausen-Boehm flutes in use in America, and they have received the highest testimonials from the most famous composers and performers in this country as well as those abroad. The American representative of the Rittershausen flutes is Mr. Carl Fischer, No. 6 Fourth Avenue, New York.

Musical Instruments at the World’s Columbian Exposition – Frank D. Abbottt, Charles A. Daniell – 1895 – P. 200